Cardinal Health

(5)A purchase obligation is defined as an agreement to purchase goods or services that is legally enforceable and specifies all significant terms, including fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased; fixed, minimum, or variable price provisions; and approximate timing of the transaction. The purchase obligation amounts disclosed above represent estimates of the minimum for which we are obligated and the time period in which cash outflows will occur. Purchase orders and authorizations to purchase that involve no firm commitment from either party are excluded from the above table. In addition, contracts that can be unilaterally canceled with no termination fee or with proper notice are excluded from our total purchase obligations except for the amount of the termination fee or the minimum amount of goods that must be purchased during the requisite notice period. Purchase obligations and other payments also includes quarterly payments to CVS Health in connection with Red Oak Sourcing. See Note 7 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information.

(6)Represents future cash obligations under the NOSA as well as future cash obligations under separate settlement agreements. See Note 7 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information.

(7)Long-term liabilities, such as unrecognized tax benefits, deferred taxes, and other tax liabilities, have been excluded from the above table due to the inherent uncertainty of the underlying tax positions or because of the inability to reasonably estimate the timing of any cash outflows. See Note 8 of the "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements" for further discussion of income taxes.

A material cyber-attack or systems breach could have a material impact on Cardinal Health via loss or misuse of information, including personal and sensitive data, and business disruption.

Additionally, costs for amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and amortization as a result of basis differences in equity method investments are non-cash amounts, which are variable in amount and frequency and are significantly impacted by the timing and size of acquisitions, so their exclusion facilitates comparison of historical, current, and forecasted financial results. We also exclude other acquisition-related costs, which are directly related to an acquisition but do not meet the criteria to be recognized on the acquired entity’s initial balance sheet as part of the purchase price allocation. These costs are also significantly impacted by the timing, complexity, and size of acquisitions.

•Acquisition-related cash and share-based compensation costs are incurred in connection with contingent cash payments or the issuance of share-based payment awards, which include service requirements, as a part of certain physician practice acquisitions. These costs include fair value adjustments for liability-classified awards. These costs are excluded because they are unrelated to the underlying operating results of our business and to facilitate comparison of our current financial results to our historical financial results and to our peer group companies’ financial results. In addition, the magnitude of these expenses is significantly impacted by the timing and size of the acquisitions of physician practices.

•Impairments and gain or loss on disposal of assets, net are excluded because they do not occur in or reflect the ordinary course of our ongoing business operations and are inherently unpredictable in timing and amount, and in the case of impairments, are non-cash amounts, so their exclusion facilitates comparison of historical, current, and forecasted financial results.

•Litigation recoveries or charges, net are excluded because they often relate to events that may have occurred in prior or multiple periods, do not occur in or reflect the ordinary course of our business, and are inherently unpredictable in timing and amount.

•Impairment of equity interest in Outcomes was incurred in connection with the observed reduction in the estimated fair value of the Outcomes business, of which we hold a 16 percent equity interest. We exclude this impairment from non-GAAP results as impairments of unconsolidated equity investments of this magnitude do not occur in the normal course of our ongoing business operations. This impairment is similar in nature to a gain or loss on the divestiture of a majority interest, which we also exclude from non-GAAP results, including the gain recognized on our initial divestiture of the Outcomes business in fiscal 2024. The exclusion of this impairment from non-GAAP financial measures facilitates comparison of our current financial results to our historical financial results.

Additionally, many governmental bodies at the Federal and State level, including the U.S. Congress and Executive Branch have adopted, published or proposed updates intended to increase transparency in prescription pharmaceutical pricing, which may impact us in a number of ways. For example, there are a number of U.S. government policy initiatives that have been adopted or are being considered that have or may directly impact manufacturer prices for pharmaceutical products. The Inflation Reduction Act has and will continue to adversely impact our revenue by capping prices for certain drugs. The Executive Order titled "Delivering Most-Favored Nation Prescription Drug Pricing to American Patients," may impact the sales or profitability of branded pharmaceutical products. And any reduction in Medicare and Medicaid programs as a result of The One Big Beautiful Bill Act, could result in a change in utilization of the healthcare system that may adversely affect demand for our products and services and could have an effect on our results of operations and financial condition. We have not experienced a negative impact to our profit as a result of these initiatives; however, we expect changes in manufacturer prices to continue to adversely impact our revenue and may, in the future, result in adverse impacts to our profitability.